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Sunday, February 21, 2010

Dimorphic fungi


Dimorphic fungi are fungi which can exist as mold/hyphal/filamentous form or as yeast. An example is Penicillium marneffei:

* At room temperature, it grows as a mold.
* At body temperature, it grows as a yeast.

Several species are potential pathogens, including Coccidioides immitis, Paracoccidioides brasiliensis, Candida albicans, Ustilago maydis, Blastomyces dermatitidis, Histoplasma capsulatum, and Sporothrix schenckii.

Dimorphic fungi are fungi that can reproduce as either a mycelial or a yeast-like state. Generally the mycelial saprotrophic form grows at 25° C, and the yeast-like pathogenic form at 37° C. Dimorphism is extremely important in the identification of mycoses, as it makes rapid identification of many pathogenic organisms possible. Some diseases caused by dimorphic fungi are

* sporotrichosis
* blastomycosis
* histoplasmosis
* coccidioidomycosis
* paracoccidioidomycosis
* penicillosis

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